Violent Media is Good for Kids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Violent Media is Good for Kids - Essay Example The author argues that Violent Media is Good for Kids. This is brought out clearly when the author begins by talking about his childhood experiences in the first paragraph. Despite the fact that he does not mention this thesis out rightly, he talks about how a violent comic book transformed him from a state of loneliness and being passive to being a conqueror of his fears. Later on in the essay, he says that such positive transformation is because of violent media and therefore parents should therefore not be quick to judge that violent media materials are necessarily a bad influence to children. The author chose to exemplify the theme of his story through a discussion of how violent media positively affects the life of kids. This keeps readers want to read more and find out the manner in which violent media is advantageous to kids. It makes the author’s story more captivating and interesting.  The thesis of the article is adequately supported. Even though there are no stati stics used in the article, the author uses examples to expand on his thought.   Gerard Jones has given a personal example of how a violent comic book turned him in to a successful writer of violent comic books and movies. He also speaks of his son who had fears of climbing a tree. In the fifth paragraph of the article, he says, â€Å"In the first grade, his friends started climbing a tree at school. However, he was afraid: of falling, of the centipedes crawling on the trunk, of sharp branches, of his friends' derision.

Fashion Culture Essay Example for Free

Fashion Culture Essay Fashion is a general term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing or furniture. Fashion refers to a distinctive; however, often-habitual trend in a look and dress up of a person, as well as to prevailing styles in behavior. Fashion usually is the newest creations made by designers and are bought by only a few number of people; however, often those fashions are translated into more established trends. [1] The more technical term, costume, has become so linked in the public eye with the term fashion that the more general term costume has in popular use mostly been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while the term fashion means clothing generally, and the study of it. For a broad cross-cultural look at clothing and its place in society, refer to the entries for clothing, costume, and fabrics. A. Couture Beginnings The first fashion designer who was not merely a dressmaker was Charles Frederick Worth (1826–1895). Before the former draper set up his maison de couture (fashion house) in Paris, clothing design and creation was handled by largely anonymous seamstresses, and high fashion descended from styles worn at royal courts. Worths success was such that he was able to dictate to his customers what they should wear, instead of following their lead as earlier dressmakers had done. B. Early Twentieth Century Throughout the early 20th century, practically all high fashion originated in Paris and to a lesser extent London. Fashion magazines from other countries sent editors to the Paris fashion shows. Department stores sent buyers to the Paris shows, where they purchased garments to copy (and openly stole the style lines and trim details of others). Both made-to-measure salons and ready-to-wear departments featured the latest Paris trends, adapted to the stores assumptions about the lifestyles and pocket books of their targeted customers. 1990s * The outfits worn by the fashionable women of the Belle Époque (as this  era was called by theFrench) were strikingly similar to those worn in the heyday of the fashion pioneer Charles Worth. By the end of the 19th-century, the horizons of the fashion industry had generally broadened, partly due to the more stable and independent lifestyle many well-off women were beginning to adopt and the practical clothes they demanded. However, the fashions of the La Belle Époque still retained the elaborate, upholstered, hourglass-shaped style of the 19th century. As of yet, no fashionable lady could (or would) dress or undress herself without the assistance of a third party. The constant need for radical change, which is now essential for the survival of fashion within the present system, was still literally unthinkable. The use of different trimmings were all that distinguished one season from the other. 1910s * During the early years of the 1910s the fashionable silhouette became much more lithe, fluid and soft than in the 19th century. When the Ballets Russes performedScheherazade in Paris in 1910, a craze for Orientalism ensued. The couturier Paul Poiret was one of the first designers to translate this vogue into the fashion world. Poirets clients were at once transformed into harem girls in flowing pantaloons, turbans, and vivid colors and geishas in exotic kimono. Paul Poiret also devised the first outfit which women could put on without the help of a maid. The Art Deco movement began to emerge at this time and its influence was evident in the designs of many couturiers of the time. Simple felt hats, turbans, and clouds of tulle replaced the styles of headgear popular in the 20th century. It is also notable that the first real fashion shows were organized during this period in time, by Jeanne Paquin, one of the first female couturiers, who was also the first Parisian couturier to open foreign branches in London, Buenos Aires, and Madrid.

Morphology :: MOO Teaching Technology Education Essays

Morphology "Everything we experience today in the mode of a limit, or as foreign, or as intolerable will have returned to the serenity of the positive. And whatever currently designates this exteriority to us may well one day designate us. Only the enigma of this exteriority will remain" --- Michel Foucault If the architecture of MOOs replicates real-life places like classrooms, we can be assured that real-life problems exist there, too. Educators need to be aware of how and in what forms these problems take shape online, in addition to knowing how to handle them. It is not easy to find answers in the mountains of popular culture hype and mass media reports on the Internet. Depending on what magazines and newspapers you read, Internet technology is either the salvation or the demise of civilization. Certainly the rapid growth of access to the Internet has parents and educators wringing their hands over how to protect children and students online from some of the same dangers they face in the physical world. Yet one of the most encouraging aspects of the growth and scope of the Internet is the opportunity for all of us to contribute to the social construction of ethical guidelines in the development and use of Internet-based technologies in educational settings. There is a fine line between giving students the latitude to be creative online and setting them loose with no ethical boundaries whatsoever. Just as in traditional classroom settings, common sense and proper preparation go a long way toward anticipating problems and resolving them. It is not necessary to blame the whole of cyberspace and thereby throw the virtual baby out with the virtual bathwater. There are ways to manage the "fluidity" associated with identity, speed, and open access on the Internet. We need to avoid the rhetoric of negative cyber-hyper and engage instead in productive discussion about the Internet in terms of its positive impact on individual and collective lives. Especially with respect to the use of Internet technology in education, we should do so rhetorically, going slowly, doing our homework, so to speak, before we make claims about the dangers of the Internet. Secondly, and perhaps less metaphorically, real-time teaching also creates real-time homework for teachers. The MOO will change the way you relate to your students, and teachers may find that they must give up their 'principle orientation' toward the individual student (Porter). Teletechnology mixes new modes of intelligibility (and new codes of behavior) with new pedagogical contracts between teacher and student, and it also effectively 'outs' the faculty in ways that they may find unnerving.

Business Meta-Ethics: an Analysis of Two Theories

Article Review? In the article â€Å"Business Meta-Ethics: An Analysis of two theories† written by â€Å"F. Neil Brandy and Craig P. Dunn† he has examined the two popular theories of ethics viz. traditional ethical theory (utilitarianism and deontological) and a recent model (consisting of utility, rights, justice). The writer differentiates and supports the traditional ethical theory by giving facts and practical examples. The writer starts the article by saying that presenting an ethical theory is impulsive. But, no doubt the theory of deontology and utilitarianism by Kant can’t be ignored.Many writers have added several other perspectives like egoism, virtue theory, theories of justice, rights, universalism, ethical relativism, ethics of caring etc. so, the writer says that the foundations of ethics are not secure. Humans are complex creatures and are hard to understand. No one theory will be able to prove it. Conversely, it would be quite interesting to under stand human behavior from different perspectives. After that the writer explains the human behavior by giving a very interesting example of automobile engine.He says that the engines have benefited by over and over refinement, but the fundamental design that came early (piston, turbine, electric etc. ) were not altered. Similarly, we need to make some fundamental decisions related to the basic understanding of a human behavior instead of hindering it. The main purpose of the writer is to focus and assess two dominant ethical theories for the managers. The first one is the â€Å"traditional ethical theory† viz. Kant’s theories of deontology and utilitarianism (DU) that have been considered competing but the recent research shows that they are complementing, not competing to each other.Kantian deontology and utilitarianism provides the ideals for decision making. The second one is the recent model of â€Å"utility-rights-justice model† (URJ). It opposes that there are three instead of two main requirements that completes the ethical business decision making namely, questions of utility, questions of rights and questions of justice. The writer intends to claim the precedence of traditional DU model. He proceeds by discussing three important points. First, that the URJ model can easily be simplified into the DU model. Second, he presents 3 practical cases to prove the superiority of DU model.Third, is the difference between universals and particulars. The writer explains the DU model first; he says that this model is often cited as dominant theory for application in business ethics. Other writers like Pastin (1986) say that this model is quite useful from a practical point of view. Pastin says that the two views â€Å"rule ethics† and â€Å"end-point ethics† are both included in his tool box for handling the hard problems of management. In 1985, Brady proposed a â€Å"Janus Headed† relationship of deontology and utilitaria nism are complementary and taken together, a reasonably comprehensive model of managerial decision making.In 1992, Cody and Lynn presented this idea in their book â€Å"honest Govt. † By saying that in real life, none of us is exclusively utilitarian or deontological. Our personal values reflect a mix of these view points, depending on issue. Sometimes we act solely as a matter of principle and sometimes we act practically utilitarian. Then the writer evaluates the URJ model. He says that this model attempted to act on the need to evaluate the political behavior in organizations. So, they made the 3 basic types of moral theories: utility, rights and justice. They urged that this model could be applied to political uses of power in organizations†.Two years later, Velasquez combined this model into his well-known book â€Å"Business ethics: Concept and Cases. Where he argued that the philosophy of Kant supplied â€Å"a more satisfied foundation for moral rights and he a dded a short discussion of categorical imperative with his claim. After introducing both the models, the writer gives the argument for the supremacy of DU model. Writer says that the URJ model abandons the deontological theory of Kant. It relies on the lesser known works The Metaphysical Elements of Justice (1797). Why did they cite Kant for his work on human rights but not cite him for his much important.And he says that the 3 basic kinds of moral theories; utilitarian, rights and justice seems imperfect. Writer says that the DU model encapsulates much of the URJ model. First, the issues of individual rights and duties are included under Kant’s deontological ethical theory. The DU model merges the rights and duties. Where one has rights, others have duties. Kant argues that the duties are strategically more important. Duties not only include duties to each other, but duties to family, community and environment. Certain duties are can’t be converted into someoneâ€℠¢s rights like paying taxes and towards environment.So, the idea of moral duty is more comprehensive than the individual right. DU model also encapsulates the justice prescription. URJ model says that the organizational rules must be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced. And the people must not be held responsible for the things they cannot control, if people are injured, the injuries must be compensated by those who are responsible for the injuries. The writer says that the same things are suggested by the existing theories and there is no need to for separate theories of justice.So, the URJ model is incomplete, as it neglects the historical deontological theory and it requires 3 categories, when only 2 are necessary. Now the writer illustrates by three short cases. 1. Political clout In this when there are to proposals that are equally at merit. So the dilemma is to be resolved procedurally. Now, on applicant applies pressure and succeeds in influencing the cho ice. For a utilitarian point of view, the decision makers did was wrong in the long term because it sets an example and it may encourage political behavior and risk the integrity of organization.A fair way would be to flip a coin. So the DU model gives a simple and appropriate analysis of case, without separate theories of justice. 2. Letter of recommendation Now a manager has to write a letter of recommendation for a problem employee. Now, he wants to be honest but it would be nice for a voluntary employee exit. If you look at it with a URJ model, utility would want a positive letter, because it would benefit the org. if we look at the rights, then the employee has the right to expect appraisal or not. In contrast to the DU model can do a better job, as the moral duty is to be honest. 3.Making an offer Suppose there is a position open at an org. and the supervisor responsible for it knows the exact person required for the job but the co. policies says to announce and publicize all openings, giving everyone a chance to apply. Should the manager open the chance or make an offer? Utility would say to make an offer but that will ignore company’s policy. So a deontological approach will recommend opening the search. So now, there’s no dilemma. But when we talk about the URJ model, then the dilemma will arise because of duty and utility conflict. After that the writer tells us about the status f universals and particulars in ethics. Deontological ethics thinks that all ethical prescriptions can be expressed as universal obligations. Rough examples include â€Å"do not kill’ and â€Å"always tell the truth†. Such principles try to observe the ways in which all humans can be alike. While, utilitarianism is a situational ethics. It requires that we attend to particularities of human living in case we fail to achieve good ends. In the conclusion the writer says that the advantages of DU model includes that it provides a genuine theory and l ays a secure foundation in the field of business ethics.The DU model has a relation to hold among the two variables of complement. Another advantage includes Kant’s universalizability. The writer has addressed the topic very nicely and has used a lot of references to prove and support his argument. But still I didn’t find the article very clear and it was confusing at times. The part of the article where he says that the moral duty is more strategic than individual right is not very persuasive. The writer didn’t end the 3 illustrations clearly. Otherwise, the writer explained the differences and advantages of DU model over URJ model very smoothly.

Chef’s Toolkit

Case #2 Chef’s Toolkit – Case Anaylsis De? ne the Issues Chef’s Toolkit has exhausted all of their ? nancial resources trying to develop their product. The owner, Peter Jeffery, is seeking external investment to fund the launch of his product, and the potential investor, Dale Reid, has asked for projected ? nancial statements for the company’s pessimistic, expected, and optimistic projected sales for the ? rst year of operation ending July 30, 1995. Analyzing the Case Data Fragmented information was given in the case, along with a balance sheet and a production schedule for the expected sales of 10,000 units.There was no statement of cash ? ows, income statement or any information about their cash account or their accounts payable account. Generating Alternatives Dale Reid could choose to either invest $85,000 for 50% of the company, choose to invest more or less for a negotiated percentage of the company, or not invest in Chef’s Toolkit. The pessim istic projected sales is 5,000 units per month, totaling 60,000 units in the year. The expected amount of sales is 10,000 units, summing to 120,000 units per year.The optimistic projected sales is 30,000 units per month resulting in a total of 360,000 units sold in the year. In the optimistic option, a double mold is needed since the total required production exceeds the maximum amount for the single mold. Selecting Decision Criteria †¢ Low additional investment †¢ High revenues with low expenses †¢ Return on Investment †¢ Break Even Analysis Analyzing and evaluating alternatives Break Even = Revenues – Expenses = 0 Single Mold = x(1. 82) – x(1. 215) – x(0. 162) – 63,975 63,975 = x(0. 43) 144,413 = Break even units/year Single Mold (pessimistic and expected) = 12,035 units/month Double Mold = x(1. 82) – x[(1. 215+0. 865)/2] – x[(0. 144+0. 062)/2] – 125,975 125,975 = x(0. 677) 186,078 = Break even units/year Double Mold (optimistic) = 15,507 units/month Chef’s Toolkit – Case Analysis 1 Case #2 Chef’s Toolkit – Case Analysis ROI = (Cash in? ow-Cost of investment)/Cost of investment Pessimistic (-41,711-54,894)/54,894 = – 176% Expected (-4,791-36,724)/36724 = -113% Optimistic (194,983. 20-6,046. 70)/6,046. 70 = 3125%Both the pessimistic and expected sales forecasting show that with an investment well under the proposed $85,000 is required, a negative return of investment is expected. Also, according to break-even analysis operating with the single mold and excluding warehousing costs, a minimum of 12,035 units must be sold to break even. Under a similar situation with the double mold, 15,507 units must be sold to break even, which is about half of the optimistic sales projection. Also under the optimistic sales projection, a positive return on investment is expected.Because the company is turning pro? t,less additional investment is required. Additionally under the pessimistic and expected situation, the company turns losses, and under the optimistic projections, Chef’s Toolkit only has a net income of 13% of its revenues. Selecting Preferred alternative According to the above information and the projected pro-forma statements, Dale Reid should not invest his money in the company. The company’s lack of current assets, high expenses and low per-unit revenue create an unfortunate and unpro? able investment in pessimistic and expected situations. Only in the optimistic production and sales does the company begin to turn pro? t, but this pro? t is low. Chef’s Toolkit needs desperate restructuring and additional revenue sources before Dale Reid should invest. Developing and Implementing the Plan To reduce production costs, Chef’s Toolkit should look into ? nding less expensive producers and packagers. They should also look into additional revenue streams or ? nding a way to retail their product directly to the custo mer to take out the middleman.This would increase their revenue per unit signi? cantly. Chef’s Toolkit can explore online retailing since they essentially don’t have any sort of bricks-and-mortar store front, so it would ? ow with their current business model. Also, if they aim to sell 13,500 units per month, they will turn pro? ts (see break-even analysis-single mold) and not require a double mold since they will produce and sell a total of 162,000 units (the max for the single mold) within the ? rst year.However, presently Peter Jeffery and his wife have exhausted all of the company’s assets as well as substantial amount of their personal assets. The risk in their current situation is high and they need immediate revenue to start recouping their research and development costs. They also need money to even start producing the product so that they can sell it. This should be brought up in their discussion with Dale Reid, and hopefully Peter can persuade him to i nvest despite the bleak pro-forma ? nancials. Chef’s Toolkit – Case Analysis 2

Free Essays on Red Elvis

Andy Warhol’s, Red Elvis (1962) uses a silkscreen process to replicate a commercial photograph of Elvis Presley onto a large painted canvas. I will provide an analysis of the unique image; as well as the method in which it was produced. I will also provide a brief explanation as to how I related and interpreted my image from the Red Elvis image. Red Elvis is a large, photo-silkscreen image that is emblazed by 36 exact duplicates of a headshot of the musician Elvis Presley. The headshots are in solid black ink on a solid red background, and it measures 175cm by 132 cm. (Rosenblum, 598, 1989). The contrast between the black and the red delivers a visual shock for what is in all essences an uninteresting photograph of Elvis Presley. This â€Å"shock of the new† (Collacello, 28) was evidently what Warhol was trying to accomplish. Due to the process in which the photo is transferred over to a silkscreen, much of the photo’s detail is lost, giving the final image an artificial, almost abstract, appearance on the canvas. We know that the image is of Elvis Presley, but if the image was of someone else, would we recognize the image as being a face? The intensity of the black heads does shift slightly, becoming slightly more intense, or darker, near the bottom. This effect gives the artwork a publicity poster-like feel, a slight deviance from the original being multiplied over a large space. The photograph of Elvis loses much of its uniqueness and glamorous qualities when the photo is multiplied several times over. Each image is closely aligned to one another to form a grid so that you are no longer looking at just 1 photo of Elvis, but an entire wall of 36 Elvis’s. The individuality of a single photograph is lost to this effect of duplication. The entire artwork is quite large, meaning each Elvis head was either kept to the original size, or enlarged. Elvis was chosen as a subject as Warhol had a longtime affinity for th... Free Essays on Red Elvis Free Essays on Red Elvis Andy Warhol’s, Red Elvis (1962) uses a silkscreen process to replicate a commercial photograph of Elvis Presley onto a large painted canvas. I will provide an analysis of the unique image; as well as the method in which it was produced. I will also provide a brief explanation as to how I related and interpreted my image from the Red Elvis image. Red Elvis is a large, photo-silkscreen image that is emblazed by 36 exact duplicates of a headshot of the musician Elvis Presley. The headshots are in solid black ink on a solid red background, and it measures 175cm by 132 cm. (Rosenblum, 598, 1989). The contrast between the black and the red delivers a visual shock for what is in all essences an uninteresting photograph of Elvis Presley. This â€Å"shock of the new† (Collacello, 28) was evidently what Warhol was trying to accomplish. Due to the process in which the photo is transferred over to a silkscreen, much of the photo’s detail is lost, giving the final image an artificial, almost abstract, appearance on the canvas. We know that the image is of Elvis Presley, but if the image was of someone else, would we recognize the image as being a face? The intensity of the black heads does shift slightly, becoming slightly more intense, or darker, near the bottom. This effect gives the artwork a publicity poster-like feel, a slight deviance from the original being multiplied over a large space. The photograph of Elvis loses much of its uniqueness and glamorous qualities when the photo is multiplied several times over. Each image is closely aligned to one another to form a grid so that you are no longer looking at just 1 photo of Elvis, but an entire wall of 36 Elvis’s. The individuality of a single photograph is lost to this effect of duplication. The entire artwork is quite large, meaning each Elvis head was either kept to the original size, or enlarged. Elvis was chosen as a subject as Warhol had a longtime affinity for th...

Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States

Illegal Migrant Labor in the United States They stand on corners early in the morning waiting to be picked up. They’re not prostitutes and they’re not criminals but rather the are ordinary people who come to this country from all over the globe in search of work. They’re Mexican , Haitian, Salvadoran, and various other ethnic groups who have left their countries for a variety of reasons. Some are just looking to make some money while others have left in order to escape poor and often times repressive conditions in their home countries. These people see America as a land of opportunity but these opportunities are not easy to find and when do find them they’re often times grueling tasks that no American is willing to perform. Through my extensive search I found two articles that caught my attention. The first was from the November 10th New York Times Magazine. It covered different aspects of illegal migrant labor including, working conditions and treatment from employers as well as Americans in general. In the article was a lengthy description on the plight of illegal Mexican laborers in Long Island. In one particular instance workers were attacked by the local population primarily because of racial prejudice (most of the workers are Latinos while the town is mostly white). There were also narratives of the daunting tasks the workers perform for very little money. The second article was from the front page of New York Times and talked about the scandal at a Tyson Foods meat packing plant , which involved the smuggling of workers from Mexico all the way to Kentucky to work at the plant. The plant managers did this in order to save costs but their scheme was uncovered when one of the workers notified the police. The primary reason why people hire illegal migrant laborers is they’re a source of cheap labor. Every year landscapers, far... Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States Illegal Migrant Labor in the United States They stand on corners early in the morning waiting to be picked up. They’re not prostitutes and they’re not criminals but rather the are ordinary people who come to this country from all over the globe in search of work. They’re Mexican , Haitian, Salvadoran, and various other ethnic groups who have left their countries for a variety of reasons. Some are just looking to make some money while others have left in order to escape poor and often times repressive conditions in their home countries. These people see America as a land of opportunity but these opportunities are not easy to find and when do find them they’re often times grueling tasks that no American is willing to perform. Through my extensive search I found two articles that caught my attention. The first was from the November 10th New York Times Magazine. It covered different aspects of illegal migrant labor including, working conditions and treatment from employers as well as Americans in general. In the article was a lengthy description on the plight of illegal Mexican laborers in Long Island. In one particular instance workers were attacked by the local population primarily because of racial prejudice (most of the workers are Latinos while the town is mostly white). There were also narratives of the daunting tasks the workers perform for very little money. The second article was from the front page of New York Times and talked about the scandal at a Tyson Foods meat packing plant , which involved the smuggling of workers from Mexico all the way to Kentucky to work at the plant. The plant managers did this in order to save costs but their scheme was uncovered when one of the workers notified the police. The primary reason why people hire illegal migrant laborers is they’re a source of cheap labor. Every year landscapers, far...

Access Restrictions to Social Security Death Index

Access Restrictions to Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Master File, maintained by the US Social Security Administration (SSA), is a database of death records collected from a variety of sources used by the SSA to administer their programs. This includes death information collected from family members, funeral homes, financial institutions, postal authorities, States and other Federal agencies. The Social Security Death Master File is not a comprehensive record of all deaths in the United States- just a record of those deaths reported to the Social Security Administration. The SSA maintains two versions of the Death Master File (DMF): The  full file  contains all death records extracted from the SSA database, including death data received from the States, and is shared only with certain Federal and State agencies pursuant to section 205(r) of the Social Security Act.The  public file  (commonly referred to as the Social Security Death Index, or SSDI), as of 1 November 2011, does  not  include protected death records received from the States.   According to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), which disseminates the Death Master File, â€Å"Section 205(r) of the Act prohibits SSA from disclosing state death records SSA receives through its contracts with the states, except in limited circumstances.† This change removed approximately  4.2 million of the 89 million deaths at that time contained in the public Death Master File (Social Security Death Index), and approximately 1 million fewer deaths are now added each year.  At the same time, the Social Security Agency also stopped including the decedent’s residential state and Zip code in the public file (SSDI). Why the Changes to the Public Social Security Death Index? The 2011 changes to the Social Security Death Index began with a  Scripps Howard News Service investigation in July 2011, that complained about individuals using Social Security Numbers for deceased individuals found online to commit tax and credit fraud. Large genealogy services which offered access to the Social Security Death Index were targeted as helping to perpetuate the fraud related to use of social security numbers for deceased individuals. In November 2011, GenealogyBank removed social security numbers from their free U.S. Social Security Death Index database, after two customers complained their privacy was violated when the Social Security Administration falsely listed them as deceased. In December 2011, following a petition sent to the five largest genealogy services who provided online access to the SSDI, by  U.S. Senators  Sherrod Brown  (D-Ohio),  Richard Blumenthal  (D-Connecticut),  Bill Nelson  (D-Florida) and  Richard J. Durbin  (D-Illinois), A ncestry.com removed all access to the popular, free version of the SSDI that had been hosted on RootsWeb.com for over a decade. They also removed social security numbers for individuals who died within the past 10 years  from the SSDI database hosted behind their membership wall on Ancestry.com,  due to sensitivities around the information in this database. The Senators December 2011 petition urged companies to remove and no longer post on your website deceased individuals Social Security numbers because they believe that the benefits provided by making the Death Master File readily available online are greatly outweighed by the costs of disclosing such personal information, and that ...given the other information available on your website full names, birth dates, death dates   Social Security numbers provide little benefit to individuals undertaking to learn about their familial history.  While the letter conceded that posting the Social Security numbers is not illegal under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), it also went on to point out that legality and propriety are not the same thing. Unfortunately, these 2011 restrictions werent the end of the changes to public access to the Social Security Death Index. Pursuant to law passed in December 2013 (Section 203 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013), access to information contained in the Social Security Administration’s Death Master File (DMF) is now limited for a three year period beginning on the date of an individual’s death to authorized users and recipients who qualify for certification. Genealogists and other individuals can no longer request copies of social security applications (SS-5) for individuals who have died within the past three years under the Freedom of Information (FOI) Act. Recent deaths are also not included in the SSDI until three years after the date of death. Where You Can Still Access the Social Security Death Index Online

Application task Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application task - Essay Example There is an example of how to use non-countable noun: Let me give you some advice (not an advice). In this question, 'information' is a non-countable noun, so it does not take plural form, so we need ‘information’. 2. 1) I walk and then take the subway 2) Jack asked about 'every day'. It is a general fact (rountine), so we have to use simple present tense verbs instead of present progressive tense. In general, simple present tense is used for events or situations that exist always, usually, and habitually. We also use the simple present to narrate events in sequence. On the other hand, present progressive tense is used for actions (verbs) that are in progress during a particular time, so actions are still taking place and have not ended yet. The tenses say that an action being before, is in progress during, and contiues after another time or action. In this case, Jack uses ‘every day’ which refers to habitual action – rountine -, so we need ‘wal k’ and ‘take’. 3. 1) It was such a good movie. Or It was so good. 2) ‘Such’ is used when the object being talked about comes after the adjective; hence, ‘such’, followed by a or an, is used before an adjective and noun – for example, such a long time, such a good idea, such a nice guy, such a wonderful day (such+ adjective + noun). When we use ‘such’ with a plural countable noun, we don’t use ‘a’ or ‘an’ after ‘such’.

Race. Race as an Essentialist Concept & Race as a Social Construction Essay

Race. Race as an Essentialist Concept & Race as a Social Construction - Essay Example This paper will give a describe ethnicity and race through the social construction approach and primadialist approach. Social constructionist perspective states that the idea of race, which is best understood as the classification of individuals in terms of skin color, hair or body shape, is a biological concept employed when rationalizing and approving the unjust behavior towards groups of individuals by others. The instrumentalist approach further asserts that, social environments enhance the concept of races. Race only exists as long as it is in the collective agreement, imposition and agreement among people. Even if, race fall short of ontological existence, in the society it is real (Ishiyama & Breuning 218). According to social constructionist approach, ethnicity is viewed to be a contemporary instrumentalist symbol that advances the materialistic interests of different groups. These groups’ composition is subject to change due to competitive opportunities. Through this theory, ethnicity and ethnic groups are inventions or creations by opportunistic elites with the intention of manipulating the concept of ethnicity for their personal gain (Ishiyama & Breuning 222). The essentialist theory is based on the principles that, race is a reflection of essence intertwined in biological genes. It further states that race is an indication of traits or abilities, and it is unchangeable. Race to a primordialist is inborn, and a natural phenomenon which man cannot influence (Spencer 43). The primordialist approach is embedded in the view that ethnicity is a permanent feature which is rooted deeply in all essential experiences and activities performed by groups of persons. The approach asserts that individuals in society are divided on a permanent basis and in a manner that is unchangeable. Ethnic groups according to essentialist perspective are unique units categorized on the concept of a common origin. The concept of a common

Toshiba Company in Malaysia Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Toshiba Company in Malaysia - Coursework Example Toshiba is well known among domestic and business circles for products like laptops. After Dell, HP, Accer and Lenovo, Toshiba is the 5th biggest Laptop manufacturer in the world. II. Competitive Forces Model for Toshiba Toshiba’s product range is huge, starting from fluorescent lamps in 1939, Toshiba has come a long way over the past 70 odd years and has proven itself a worthy and tough competitor in almost all of the electronic and electrical industries. Toshiba is a competitor in most of the electronic industries, for example Toshiba manufactures video cameras for domestic use as well as surveillance cameras along with complete surveillance systems. Naturally it is not easy to compete with a company that has such a wide range of products, especially one that is continuing to grow and expand to a point when it will be intimidating and threatening for its competitors. Entrants: Toshiba has a long to do in the mobile market. A great marketing campaign has to be set by the comp any to take the market as Toshiba have in LapTop or computer market. Entry of competitors: it is not easy for a new competitor to enter the market for electronic goods because it is inhabited by organizational giants like Toshiba, Sony, Lenovo and many others. Threats of substitutes: yet again manufacturer substitution is probable but the possibilities are limited to the companies that are fully established with a large number of users who can help convince others to try out their products. Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of suppliers Rivalry among the existing players: naturally there is a strong rivalry between Toshiba and its competitors but Toshiba is a high profiled player in this arena. It has been around for quite long time and has continued to expand with time by introducing innovations in its products with a consistency that few can match. III. Competitors When it comes to manufacturing electrical goods, Toshiba has got a large number of competitors all over the world for example Toshiba has got giants like HP, Dell, Lenovo, Casper, Sony, Accer and Compaq as competitors in the manufacturing of PCs and laptops. Toshiba has all sorts of competitors in almost all parts of the world though their types and expertise varies. IV. Customers Toshiba has got a large number of customers all over the world which can be divided into three basic categories. a) Domestic consumers: Toshiba manufactures Laptops and netbooks, Laptop accessories, Televisions, Blue ray players, DVD players, HD camcorders, LED lightings, Air conditioning and heating devices for domesticated environments. b) Business clients: Toshiba manufactures copiers, printers, fax machines, scanners, electronic components, semiconductors, hard disk drives, laptop computers, Surveillance and IP video products, Liquid

Do we live in a death denying culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Do we live in a death denying culture - Essay Example Death is something that is natural and nobody can stop it. When the time comes all of us have to go and the sooner we accept this fact, the more at ease we will be. We do not teach our children about death and it is something that the children learn themselves, when they experience a death of a loved one or through their experience of the world. We can say that we live in a death denying culture. There may be a few exceptions where people accept death and greet it with open arms when it comes otherwise majority of the people are scared of it; the problems, the diseases and the plagues that it brings with it. The concept of death has changed with time. During the Middle Ages people accepted death more easily and with tranquility. It was considered shameful to die suddenly; the concept of tame death was common among these times. People wanted to prepare for their deaths and for this they needed time, thus the tame death was what everybody wanted for themselves. Also, friends and family would gather around to offer their support and prayers. At this time people believed that the person entered sleep-like state to peacefully await salvation. It was believed that the dead person slept tranquilly during this period in a garden of flowers (Moller, 1996). Cemeteries were built far away from towns and cities as people were scared in the presence of the dead. The cemeteries slowly moved into the Churchyard as towns spread, but only the people who the Church recognized as virtuous or holy could be buried there. One very interesting fact was that to make space for the dead, the old graves were dug up and the bones were removed. As more time went by, the cemeteries became an attraction to the people; more people met up there and started living around the area. This was because the population started to grow and there was not enough space for housing. People started to be less scared of death and could be around it for a longer period of time. Many theories and patterns of death evolved; tame death being the first. The second patter was that of the death of self. An individual's acts, during this time, were categorized as good or bad and people had the ability to choose which path they will follow. The participation of the devil and the angel were brought into consideration and the records that they kept were evaluated when a person died. Based on there records, an individual was either sent to heaven or hell. In the fifteenth century, the concept of the day of final judgment emerges. "The salvation of a person's soul was now to be determined by the act of death rather than the acts of life. Dying a good death became the key to salvation." (Moller, 1996) According to this concept, a good death was when a person died while praying and if during the dying process if the dying person was tempted by the devil his death was to be damned. The main different between the two concepts then becomes the difference between universal salvation and individual judgment. During the sixteenth century, the plague happened and people realized that death could come at any time without them knowing it. Thus, at this time it became more important to do whatever a person had set out to achieve in life, so that when death does actually knock on the person's door, he has no regrets. This led people to develop calmness

Team Building as an Organization Development Intervention Essay

Team Building as an Organization Development Intervention - Essay Example They have a poor job design, leadership structure and have poorly defined policies hence fail to direct task behavior efficiently (Cummings & Worley, 2009). In most cases, communication is broken, ambiguous job responsibilities with dissipated employee energies due to lack of direction. Another factor that determines the classification is the area of operation. Most under organized organizations are established in areas like; project management, product development along with community development. In over organized circumstances, planned changed in general aims at loosening restraints on behavior. Changes in job design, leadership, structure and other facets frees suppressed energy, raises the flow of pertinent information between managers and workers and encourages efficient resolution of conflicts (Cummings & Worley, 2009). In under-organized circumstances, there is too little restraint or guideline for efficient task performance. Leadership, job design, structure and policy are inadequately defined and fall short of directing work behaviors efficiently. In addition to this, communication is disjointed, job responsibilities are vague and worker’s energies are dissolute due to a lack of direction. (Cummings & Worley, 2009).When handling the over-organized situations, leadership styles, organization structure, job designs and policies along with procedures are too inflexible and excessively defined for efficient task performance. There is also find that suppressed communication between management and workers, conflicts are shunned, and workers are indifferent. In the cited case, planning an intervention was desired since nobody took liability for anything. They were devoid of structure or guidelines to govern their work. Ben and Jerry sought to end up with a fun family job environment. It made them lack the means to have authority

Building a marketing website for bed & breakfast outline

Building a marketing website for bed & breakfast - Outline Example well structured and probing questions which are asked to various clients and other stakeholders in order to obtain useful information helpful in the development of the system. Questionnaires give the developer a chance to ask his/her respondents questions that are vital for the design of the website but the stakeholders are not aware of. Care should be taken in the construction of the questionnaire to avoid inappropriate questions that may not necessarily show the opinion and views of the stakeholders (Inflectra, 2010). The questionnaire should not be too long or take much of the respondent’s time as this might lead to the respondent to answering superficially. The questions should also flow sensibly in order to make the respondent enjoy answering them. This is the most appropriate way to determine the contents of a website. It involves observing the stakeholders of the business as they engage in their day to day activities and then recording the events. Observing is critical as the developer is able to know what he/she will require in developing the website from first hand information. It also ensures that the stakeholders will be able to use the site with ease. This method also helps in validating information gathered from other methods like interviews. A disguised observation is preferred as the respondents (customers and the management) are unaware that they are being observed and therefore will act in their natural way (Requirements, 2010). An interview is valuable in getting the background information about the business problems and position currently and also to have a wider perspective of what other bed and breakfast websites includes. The interview should be wide enough to cover all the stakeholders of the business so that the website will have all the information required by any stakeholder. Interviews are essential as they will provide the developer with a chance to probe further for more information (Nancy, 2008). Unstructured interview is more

Team Building as an Organization Development Intervention Essay

Team Building as an Organization Development Intervention - Essay Example They have a poor job design, leadership structure and have poorly defined policies hence fail to direct task behavior efficiently (Cummings & Worley, 2009). In most cases, communication is broken, ambiguous job responsibilities with dissipated employee energies due to lack of direction. Another factor that determines the classification is the area of operation. Most under organized organizations are established in areas like; project management, product development along with community development. In over organized circumstances, planned changed in general aims at loosening restraints on behavior. Changes in job design, leadership, structure and other facets frees suppressed energy, raises the flow of pertinent information between managers and workers and encourages efficient resolution of conflicts (Cummings & Worley, 2009). In under-organized circumstances, there is too little restraint or guideline for efficient task performance. Leadership, job design, structure and policy are inadequately defined and fall short of directing work behaviors efficiently. In addition to this, communication is disjointed, job responsibilities are vague and worker’s energies are dissolute due to a lack of direction. (Cummings & Worley, 2009).When handling the over-organized situations, leadership styles, organization structure, job designs and policies along with procedures are too inflexible and excessively defined for efficient task performance. There is also find that suppressed communication between management and workers, conflicts are shunned, and workers are indifferent. In the cited case, planning an intervention was desired since nobody took liability for anything. They were devoid of structure or guidelines to govern their work. Ben and Jerry sought to end up with a fun family job environment. It made them lack the means to have authority

Nationalism in Africa and Asia as a Mass Movement Essay

Nationalism in Africa and Asia as a Mass Movement - Essay Example The book, After the Tamerlane: the rise and fall of global empires, 1400-200 by John Darwin, is an impressive example of the macro narrative approach to the history of the world that has been (Anderson, 2006, p170). The writer provides a well argued, nuanced yet so clear, and highly informative overview of more than half a millennium of interaction cross-continentally and exchange, which he relates to his main theme-the rise and fall of global empires. Starting with a well-produced survey of the state of various Asian empires circa 1500, the writer sets out to decentre the overwhelmingly European-focused macro-narrative that has dominated thinking and writing about the rise and fall of expansive colonizing polities for centuries (Anderson, 2006, p183). The writer is able to sustain this shift in perspective quite well through the early chapters, which converge in his discussion the factors leading to the ‘great divergence’, which has received a considerable deal of conce ntration on the fraction of the world’s historians in the recent years (Anderson, 2006, p190). ... that consists of well focused and perceptive discussions of the weaknesses and failures of European colonizing enterprises and their persisting dependence on colonized peoples for all manner of imperial endeavors, from trade and war to the governance of conquered territories. Darwin’s attention to the weakness and vulnerability of even empires on the increase or at the climax of their global power considerably enhances his superb discussions of what he uses as key factors that favor some empire-minded societies over others (Anderson, 2006, p178). In the course of the nineteenth century, especially in its latter half, the philological lexicographic revolution and the rise of intra-European nationalist movements, themselves the products, not only of capitalism, but of the elephantiasis of the reigning states, formed increasing culture, therefore, supporting and complex for many dynasts (Anderson, 2006, p180). The legitimacy of most of these dynasties had nothing to do with natio nals. Romanov ruled over the Tatars and Letts, Germans and Armenians, Russians and Finns. Habsburgs were perched high over Magyars and Croats, Slovaks and Italians, Ukrainians and Austro-Germans (Anderson, 2006, p182). Hanoverians presided over Bengalis and Quebecois, as well as Scots and Irish, English and Welsh. On the continent furthermore, members of the same dynastic families often ruled in different, sometimes rivalrous states. What nationality should be assigned to Bourbons ruling in France and Spain, Hohenzollerns in Prussia and Rumania, Wittelsbachs in Bavaria and Greece?  

Evaluate the Effectiveness of Business Information Essay Example for Free

Evaluate the Effectiveness of Business Information Essay PepsiCo Inc. is an American multinational food and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York, United States, with interests in the manufacturing, marketing and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products. PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which include an acquisition of Tropicana in 1998 and a merger with Quaker Oats in 2001—which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio. P5 DESCRIBE THE INFLUENCE OF TWO CONTRASTING ECONOMIC ENVIROMENTS ON BUSINESS ACTIVITIES WITHIN A SELECTED ORGANISATION. KENYA Kenya officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator. With the Indian to its south-east, it is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya has a land area of 580,000 km2 and a population of a little over 43 million residents. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africas highest mountain peaks. Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. INDIA India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[d] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Economic factors affecting PepsiCo: Unemployment: Kenya recorded its ultimate high level of unemployment in 2011 reaching 40% unemployment. This would affect PepsiCo in the following ways: †¢ The demand of goods will decrease, because consumers will no longer have money to spend. †¢ Total revenue will decrease due to lack of purchases by a customers †¢ However government may decrease tax in order to encourage businesses to employ more. †¢ The public will be desperate for jobs and therefore will be willing to settle for a lower paying job †¢ The*re will be a lower chance of staff turnover. Unemployment rate has decreased significantly in the past year this could affect the business in the following ways: †¢ People will be willing to spend more on PepsiCo’s products thus increasing total revenue. †¢ There will be a rise in demand thus increasing profit. †¢ PepsiCo can now expand and will not have to worry about workforce †¢ However, staff may demand higher salaries as they see many other opportunities opening up †¢ There is a high chance of staff turnover. Inflation rate Inflation occurs when there is a general rise in the price of goods in the whole economy The inflation rate in Kenya was recorded at 3.25 percent in November of 2012. Inflation Rate in Kenya is reported by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. Historically, from 2005 until 2012, Kenya Inflation Rate averaged 12.5 Percent reaching an all-time high of 31.5 Percent in May of 2008 and a record low of 3.2 Percent in October of 2010. In Kenya, the inflation rate measures a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods. This means that: †¢ the capital Pepsi uses for buying raw materials is reducing due to a fall in prices †¢ Staff will no longer be too concerned about their real value of their income. †¢ Consumers will now be able to afford better established labels like Pepsi. †¢ However, because of the general decrease in prices, Pepsi may not be able to justify any price increase. The inflation rate in India was recorded at 7.45 percent in October of 2012. Inflation Rate in India is reported by the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation. Historically, from 1969 until 2012, India Inflation Rate averaged 7.8 Percent reaching an all-time high of 34.7 Percent in September of 1974 and a record low of -11.3 Percent in May of 1976. In India, the inflation rate measures a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods inflation rate in India is high this means that: †¢ Staff will become concerned about their real income high wage demands are likely and there could be an increase in industrial disputes. †¢ Consumers are likely to become more prices sensitive and look for bargains rather than big names causing revenue to decrease. †¢ The living standard will drop, therefore PepsiCo will have to reduce prices or risk losing their customers. †¢ However, consumers will make purchases faster fearing that prices will rise even more. Interest Rate The benchmark interest rate in India was last recorded at 8 percent. Interest Rate in India is reported by the Reserve Bank of India. Historically, from 2000 until 2012, India Interest Rate averaged 6.5 Percent reaching an all-time high of 14.5 Percent in August of 2000 and a record low of 4.3 Percent in April of 2009. This will affect pepsi in the following ways: †¢ Pepsi will be unable to borrow and therefore will have to cut down on cost thus producing less †¢ Pepsi will be unable to expand if they are not willing to pay 8%. †¢ However, if pepsi feels like the 8% is within their budget then they would probably be safe to borrow seing as the rates are stable. The benchmark interest rate in Kenya was last recorded at 11 percent. Interest Rate in Kenya is reported by the Central Bank of Kenya. Historically, from 1991 until 2012, Kenya Interest Rate averaged 15.1 Percent reaching an all-time high of 84.7 Percent in July of 1993 and a record low of 0.8 Percent in September of 2003. In Kenya, interest rates decisions are taken by The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Central Bank of Kenya. This will affect pepsi in the following ways: †¢ It will cause a fall in production. †¢ It will cause a faal in profits due to controlled spending. †¢ However interest rates are likely to fall as we can see from the gragh above. Comparison of the economy in both India and Kenya both the Kenyan and indian economy are recovering from an economic crunch. If you compare the inflation rates of Kenya and india with their respective interest rates they correspond. This is because when inflation is high, the government needs to control spending and to do this, they need to increase interest inorder to encourage spending

Utopian Thought in William Shakespeare :: Biography Biographies Essays

Although Columbus had discovered the "New World" in 1492, it is interesting to note how relatively uninterested Shakespeare was in the Americas or the western travel that was sweeping Europe. While some Englanders focused their attention and dreams on the uncivilized land in the west, Shakespeare "dreamed and wrote of the old world, of battles long ago, of an ancient story-land already splendid in its braveries and devotions" (Thorndike 110). He has left no evidence that might suggest any interest in the voyagers or the dangers faced on the uncharted oceans of the west, but he knew of the colonization endeavors through leaders such as Southampton, his early patron (110). The disinterest changed, though, when he read of the Sea Adventure shipwreck. In the year 1609, a year before the estimated writing of The Tempest, nine ships set out from England to strengthen John Smith's Virginian colonies. En route, though, one of the ships was carried away from the other during a storm. The lost ship, the Sea-Adventure, had on board the operation commanders, and all of the passengers were presumed to be lost at sea. However, a year later, news reached England that the crew and passengers of the Sea-Adventure had been blown to the coast of a Bermudan island, but they survived and rejoined the party the following year. Stunned English journalists reported many accounts of the shipwreck, and it is from these stories that some historians attribute Shakespeare's initial inspiration for the setting and foundation of The Tempest (Wain 202-203). After the shipwreck and news of the amazing survival, there were numerous

Ablutophobia: The Fear of Washing and Bathing :: essays research papers fc

Ablutophobia The Fear of Washing or Bathing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ablutophobia, defined as the fear of washing, bathing and cleaning is an intense fear that poses no or little danger. Just thinking about bathing could cause a number of symptoms such as: breathlessness, dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea, dry mouth, feeling sick, shaking, heart palpitations, inability to speak or think clearly, a fear of dying, becoming mad or losing control, a sensation of detachment from reality or even an anxiety attack. Most people who are suffering from the phobia are surprised when they find out that they aren’t alone. Ablutophobia is surprisingly common. It is caused by the mind as a protective mechanism. From some point in the past there was a traumatic event linking with washing, bathing or cleaning. It could have also been formed from a realistic scare or even from movies, TV or seeing someone else experience trauma. Some people who suffer experience it all the time and some others experience it in just direct situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not only does it effect your health and quality of life but, Ablutophobia can have a severe effect on anyone that works or is in school; living with the fear can make it hard to concentrate on something and fully give your best. Ablutophobia can cause a loss of tens to hundreds of thousands of dollars over the course of your lifetime due to lost opportunities, poor performance or grades, or promotions that pass you by.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are two different treatments for Ablutophobia; the ever popular temporarily suppress the phobia with potent, prescribed medicine, and therapy, self-help treatment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The medicinal treatment of Ablutophobia is only a temporary treatment to cover up the fear or make the person think that they are being medicated to not be scared anymore. The therapy treatment is more common and there are a few different therapeutic treatments. One is working with a practitioner to train the unconscious mind to connect different, positive feelings with the situation that triggers the phobia. After this you can stop the root of the fear of cleaning, bathing and washing. Another way is through a one day or sometimes, but rarely, a 1-6 day treatment program. Since I could not find a case study of a patient I added a psychologist specializing in phobias discovery that is quoted from one of my sources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A few years ago a scientist specializing in phobias like Ablutophobia made an amazing discovery.

Leveraging Workplace Diversity

Diversity is a term that is used to refer to ways in which people are different. These include the gender, age, language, educational level, life experience cultural background sexual orientation ethnicity religious belief work experience socio-economic background marital status family responsibilities personality and marital status. Whether married, single or pregnant women should be given the same opportunities in their workplace and should not be sexually harmonized by their bosses. Against sex discrimination Act 1984 Workplace diversity refers to the ways of recognizing and respecting the individual differences of the workers and being able to manage them as they work. In the places work there is need for diversity in terms of gender, type of work to be done, age tribe/race and even the level for education of the individuals. For instant when we look at gender a good workplace should be gender sensitive in that both men and women should have the same opportunities of working depending on their level of education. Both male and female should have equal chances of taking the top positions in their place of work and should be given respect by the other work mates equally. Women should not be discriminated as it happens in most cases and denied the best opportunities that arise. A good work place should have balance in terms of tribe or race. This is important as it clears good relations in the society as each tribe or race is represented. Therefore different mates form different background come and put their minds together as a team to bring out the best in the work place. A workplace that discriminates it’s workers on the grounds of race, color or Nationality or Ethnic origin will not succeed as this is unlawful and goes against the Racial Discrimination Act 1975(Huyles,1996,pg 56). The Human rights should be taken into consideration in the workplace. All persons both the physically challenged and mentally disabled should be given the same working opportunities without discrimination. They are human beings who have the same rights as other human beings. Their complaints should be addressed greatly and they should accommodate by every individual as they do their work. Any discrimination against these people is unlawful as it violates the Human Rights and Equal opportunity commission Act 1984 (Cox, 1995, pg 43). To maintain diversity in the workplace, all employers and employees have a right to a secure healthy working environment. This will help them to be alert and work comfortably so that they can bring out the fruitful work that will benefit them and the society at large. Therefore, an employer has a role of taking precautions to prevent discrimination and harassment to his employees. This is necessary since failure to that; one violates the Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991(Bruhn, 1996, pg 35). The disabled should not be discriminated in their place of work since it’s not their choice to be in their state. They are human beings with all the human rights. Therefore, they should be treated like any other individual or employee. The sick should be given proper medical attention to improve their state so that they can also work together like others. If an employer goes against this, he violates the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 and should face the law (Hofsted, 1997, pg 265). Diversity also requires that all the employees be informed and access the awards and agreements that are part of their work. For instant, they should be aware of the terms and conditions that are important as it relates to the workplace relations act 1996. The employer should not discriminate the employee from this information. A diverse workplace should ensure that there is corporation and maximum use of the diverse skills, employee’s values and their work experiences so that they may come with good fruits in their work. It should also ensure that the structures in the workplace, the systems that they use and the procedures that they apply are well utilized to help the employees in balancing their work, manage their families by caring for them in responsible manner. When making decisions, a diverse workplace should also take in account their goals and the skills that are required so that they can meet these goals and objectives. They should ensure that transparency is available and the decisions should be procedurally fair at the same time be equitable (Schauber, 1999, pg 460). To maintain diversity in the workplace, Disney company sets the overall company performance goals for the year. These goals are usually diverse and require a diverse staff so that they can meet them. The company sets individual performance measures for the year without any discrimination. Therefore, each employee has a target to meet his goals in a diverse manner. The company also sets target bonus for each individual that motivates them to work hard so that they can achieve their goals and earn these bonuses at the end of the year. They also measure the actual performance against the predefined company performance goals to reach to the necessary adjustments that are to be done so that they would do better in future (Ting 1999, pg12). For one to have an effective change model there should be a commitment to serve the others. Therefore, both the employee and the employer should be committed to serving the society as a whole. They should be ready to serve all the races without discrimination and give them equal opportunities in accessing the benefits that are available. There should also be need for Awareness of the importance of new ways of approaching issues. The employees and the employer should be informed of the so that they would come up with different ways of thinking so that it will be easier to hire and retain diversity in the working staff and develop an educational seminar to the diverse society to encourage the issue of diversity (Huyle, 1996,pg 98). There should be Awareness of the importance to build and maintain trust among the employees and the employer and the society as a whole. This is important as it develops the mutual understanding in the people and even the entire society. The issue of openness should be understood and all the members are interested and willing to be involved in this model of diversifying the workplace and the activities involved (Kotter, 1995, pg59-67). Creativity should be encouraged as this will ensure or encourage people to think and come up with the best as they work. The employees should be informed of the importance of diversity as it adds richness to them and the society in general and be informed of the need for a diverse staff so that whenever there are changes, they are able to accommodate the new employees (Coop, 1997, pg 56). REFERENCES Bruhn, J.G. (1996). Creating an organization climate for multiculturalism. Health care supervisor, 14(14), 11-18. Hofsted, G. (1997).Culture and organizations: software of the mind. New York: McGrass-Hill. Schauber, A. (1999).Assessing organizational climate: first step in diversifying organizations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Cincinnati: union Institute. Ting-Toomey, S. (1999).Communicating across cultures. New York: Guilford. Huyle, R. &Mendez Russell, A. (1996). The diversity directive: why some initiatives fail and what to do about it. Irwin professional publishing. Cope, Bill & Kalantzis, Mary (1997). Productive diversity, anew Australian and a model for work management. Plato press. Cox Jr., Taylor (2001). The challenge of managing diversity. San Francisco: john Wiley& sons, Inc. Kotter, J.P. (1995). Leading change: why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 59-67 Â   Â   Â  

Introduction to Linguistics Essay

What is meant by the field of linguistics? This introductory chapter concerns some dimensions of linguistics, which give us a general idea of what linguistics is, including the history of linguistic, grammar, and other disciplines of linguistics study. What does grammar consist of and what are the relationship between one and another? How many languages do human beings have the capacity to acquire? What other studies are made in recent centuries? Each of these aspects are clearly described, and other chapters will go into further details. While in this chapter we will provide some less detailed information on the various aspects of linguistics mentioned so far. 1. 1 Defining Linguistics There is nothing that can be said by mathematical symbols and relations which cannot also be said by words. The converse, however, is false. Much that can be and is said by words cannot successfully be put into equations, because it is nonsense. C. Truesdell Linguistics is a study to describe and explain the human faculty of language. There is no doubt that linguistics has changed through human development. 1. 1. 1 History of linguistics The history of linguistics can be divided into three periods: antiquity, middle ages and modern linguistics. Antiquity Dating back to earlier period of linguistics, linguistics is often associated with a need to disambiguate discourse, especially for ritual texts or in arguments. Ancient Indians made a big contribution to linguistics development. Similarly, ancient Chinese played a key role in improving linguistics development. Around the same time as the Indian developed, ancient Greek philosophers were also debating the nature and origins of language. During this period, syntax and the use of particles developed fast. In addition, scholars proposed that word meanings are derived from sentential usage. 1. 1. 1. 2 Middle Ages In Middle East, in terms of expanding Islam in 8th century, a large number of people learn Arabic. Because of this, the earliest grammar came to being gradually. At the same time, Sibawayh, a famous scholar, wrote a book to distinguish phonetics from phonology. In the 13th century, Europeans introduced the notion of universal grammar. Modern Linguistics Modern linguistics’ beginning can date back to the late 18th century. With time passing by, the study of linguistics contains increasing contents. Meanwhile, it is used in other fields, computer, e. g. , has come to be called computational linguistics. The study of applications (as the recovery of speech ability) is generally known as applied linguistics. But in a narrower sense, applied linguistics refers to the application of linguistic principles and theories of language teaching and learning, especially the teaching of foreign and second language. Other related branches include anthropological linguistics, neurological linguistics, mathematical linguistics, and computational linguistics. However, linguistics is only a part of a much larger academic discipline, semiotics. It is the scientific study of language. It studies not just one single language of any one society, just like Chinese or French, but the language of all human beings. A linguist, though, does not have to know and use a large number of languages, but to investigate how each language is constructed. In short, linguistics studies the general principles whereupon all human languages are constructed and operated as systems of communication in their societies or communities. 1. 1. 2 An Interesting Comparison Linguistics is a broad field to study, therefore, a linguist sometimes is only able to deal with one aspect of language at a time, and thus various branches arise: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, applied linguistics, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, lexicology, lexicography, etymology and so on. Suppose that the study of linguistics can be considered to be a computer, so linguistics is equal to the CPU, which supports all the other parts. Moreover, sound card would stand for phonetics and phonology, and then morphology and semantics are like the memory of the computer. What’s more, syntax plays as an important role to translate single words to a whole sentence which is full of meaning, just like a graphics card, which uses picture to make sense of the idea of memory stick. Finally, everything is ready, it’ s time to use computer and the same goes for language acquisition. Very interestingly, the properties of computer are amazingly similar to human language. from www. iflytek. com/english/Research-Introduction%20to%20TTS. htm Above all, linguistics is concerned with the study of verbal language– particularly speech and written language. What’s more, language is a system and there is a set of options of which one must be chosen depending on the purpose and context. (Marie E. & John P. , 1991, p. 64). 1. 2 The broad study of language Language is a highly complex system of communication, so it sometimes will be called a ‘system of systems’. It is used to construct, exchange, express, and record information and ideas. It performs these functions effectively because it is based upon systems that are understood by those using the language. In this chapter, four topics will be concerned. They are phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. In this section, some overall definitions and interactions among the four parts will be talked about. 1. 2. 1 Phonology In order to assist learners at the early stages of literacy, it is very important to understand the relationship between sounds and letters. The sounds of speech are studied in phonetics and phonology. (Marie E. & John P, 1991) 1. 2. 1. 1 Definitions of phonology and phonetics Phonology is the study of sound systems- the invention of distinctive speech sounds that occurs in a language and the patterns wherein they fall. In other words, we study the abstract side of the sounds of language, a related but different subject that we call phonology (Peter, 2000). In short, it is about patterns and roots. On the other hand, it is more strict linguistics. Phonetics is the science which studies the characteristics of human sound-making, especially sounds used in speech, and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription. In common, speech sound is used everywhere, and it can be divided into three parts: articulatory phonetics, auditory phonetics, and acoustic phonetics. . 2. 1. 2 The difference between phonology and phonetics It seems that phonology and phonetics are similar. That is why both of them make learners confused. In fact, they have great difference. Phonology pays attention to how speech sounds of a language pattern are put together according to regular rules. On the contrary, phonetics focuses mainly on description of how speech sounds are made. For instance, if someone says â€Å"we should get our two lips close together and then push them open with a strong air†, that means he or she is relevant to phonetics field.

Business Law and Regulation Essay

If Mary damages a client’s hair she would be held liable. According to our textbook, Mary would cause injury to the plaintiff. Mary was to provide a duty of care to the customer. She breached this duty of care â€Å"failure to exercise care or to act as reasonable person would act (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 81). † The reason I state, that is because the customer trusted Mary with their hair and she damaged the client’s hair. As long as Celia and Mary register their boutique name with the United States PTO in Washington, DC, and the PTO approved it, there should not be any legal problems. If Celia and Mary decide to offer their waiting clients free music downloads, they are asking for trouble. In the case of BMG Music v. Gonzalez, Gonzalez thought that as long as she was â€Å"sampling† the music she could leave it on her computer without paying for it. That is not so. According to the courts, Gonzales had engaged in copyright infringement and Gonzalez had to pay $22,500 in damages to BMG (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 117). I would advise them making this huge mistake unless; they decide to pay for each download that they are providing to their waiting clients they could be breaking the law. There could be civil liability to Celia and Mary if one of their employees sexually harassed a customer. This falls under the negligence of an agent which states â€Å"in negligence of an agent, the principal is responsible because of the employment contract with the agent. In other words, if an agent acts negligently while being employed by the principal and is acting within the scope of the employment, the principal is also liable for the negligence of the agent, even though the principal did nothing negligent personally (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 474). † If Celia and Mary only hire men they could be charged with sex discrimination. Sex discrimination is â€Å"discrimination against a person solely because of his or her gender (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 515). † It would not matter how they hired whether they ere Independent contractors or employees. If Celia and Mary require the men when they are not selling, to do inventory and clean up the boutique and they set their working hours they cannot be classified as independent contractors. â€Å"The degree of control that the principal has over the agent is the crucial factor that determines whether someone is an independent contractor or an employee (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 481). † Since Celia and Mary seem to have substantial control over their workers we would classify their relationship as an employer-employee relationship. In this case, they would not be able to pay them only on commission for sales; they would have to add in an hourly rate as well. Again if Celia and Mary hire a person based on their age, race, color, or national origin they are setting themselves up for a discrimination lawsuit. If they decide to only hire men who are qualified under the age of 40, they are committing age discrimination. Age discrimination is the â€Å"federal statute that prohibits age discrimination practices against employees who are 40 and older (Cheeseman, 2010, p. 521). †

Mankind Distanced From Nature And The Use Of Earth Simply As A Essay

Mankind Distanced From Nature And The Use Of Earth Simply As A Resource - Essay Example Never before have had the benefits of mankind labour threatened their precise existence: also this era of nuclear disasters, arms race, and global warming (Turner, 1980). For the first phase in history, mankind can produce enough to satisfy the needs of every head on the Earth. Despite mankind power to regulate natural world, many societies are dominated by emotions linked to the economic recession, health issues, insecurities, and military chaos (Turner, 1980). These issues overwhelm lives with the seemingly irresistible power of natural disasters. The more densely populated cities become, the more mankind’s lives are recognized by feelings of loneliness and isolation from the nature (Phillips, 2010). The more forces mankind experience to satisfy their emotion, the more they emotionally distance themselves from nature; and this distancing permits them to treat Earth simply as a resource to their needs. This is well discussed in the following paragraphs. The mankind ability to perform their tasks, to develop how they work and build on their successes, has tried to result in cumulative development of the productive forces. From the research carr ied out, one such advancement gave rise to class community. When community became capable of generating surplus, it also made it conceivable for a class to rise, which was liberated from the need, to generate directly and could survive from its control over the work of others (Phillips, 2010). This process was significant in order to establish and direct the productive forces; however, it was also meant that the producers, the majority of the community lost control of their labour. The emergency class society in which one class had power of control over the means of generating what the community required, led to a further division between individuals and the community to which they fit. Some forms of social life caused a wedge between the two dimensions of the self, the person and the communal, producing a separation between people’s interests and those of community as a whole (Turner, 1980). Thus, the mankind distanced from nature arose from class community. For instance, Ro bert Romanyshyn use metaphor in is work to elaborate these ideas. He claims that mankind have given their hearts away, a sordid boon (Romanyshyn, 2001). Sordid is the demonstration of the worst aspects of mankind nature such as greed, immorality, and selfishness. On the other hand, Boon is something that works as a blessing or benefit. Complication between the words proposes materialism is corrupt and destructive blessing that the industrial revolution has offered. It emphasised the tension between the good external and the sordid truth behind materialism. On the external, material goods bring pleasure and in many ways are a symbol of mankind progress; however, in truth, they feed the worst feature of humanity (Romanyshyn, 2001). The discipline whose duty is to describe and map the capabilities of human emotions/ mind is psychology; and psychology’s accepting of these abilities is built around the concept of intelligence. Apart from mankind psychological understanding of how they interact with the world around them, this concept has been widely applied in education and business, where test of intelligence always impacts selection and promotion. More indirectly, a psychological notion about what establishes intelligent action pervades the wider fabric of the community. This impacts common-sense ideas about what institutes mental ability, and offering certain styles of thought and action a higher status than others (Kidner, 1999). At the same time, the

Review Questions Week 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review Questions Week 9 - Essay Example Leaders, such as Martin Luther King incorporated their command of oration and language through stylistic devices such as rhetoric and analogy to reach out to the masses. A charismatic leader has a vision that they work towards and are well equipped in communication techniques with which to share said vision with their followers. They have confidence, a strong conviction in their beliefs, and draw trust from their followers. They actively participate in their movements and are not afraid to take on risks. They strive towards creating formidable bonds with their followers and empower them towards bettering themselves. They use their strengths and admirable elements to sell their ideas to their audiences. Most notably, they are not ashamed or guilty of their beliefs and their ventures. Overtime, leaders have had characteristics that made their style of leadership charismatic. Martin Luther King can best be described as Trustworthy. Mahatma Gandhi through his wisdom brought about empowerment to his followers. Adolf Hitler, in an almost similar way, used his excellent communication skills to sell his beliefs. Nelson Mandela’s vision led to the developed establishment that South Africa is. David Koresh, in spite of his destructive doings, experienced no form of remorse or guilt whatsoever. J.F. Kennedy and Richard Branson are good illustrations of risk orientation and self promotion respectively. The theory of charisma can bear both negativity and positivity and hence its reference as a â€Å"double edged sword.† Leaders that bear positivity are those that empower others and are referred to as socialized charismatic leaders. Their counterparts are self centered and referred to as personalized charismatic leaders. The charismatic leadership theory falls short in its argument that charismatic leaders are identified from situations of crisis as opposed to the outstanding nature of

Major Project Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Major Project - Coursework Example In addition, it affects businesses and government ministries across all countries in the world. Increased competition, which has been on the rise thanks to globalization and technological advancements, has led to increased employee turnover (Ucho, Mkavga & Onyishi, 2012). Globalization has increased demands on companies and for an organization to survive these pressures; it has to follow the best practices that ensure that its human resource is nurtured well. When the human resource is satisfied, chances are high that employee turnover would be reduced. It is worth noting that organizations must aim to trim down costs at all times and these include work force training as well as technological costs. Following increased employee turnover, it is impossible to cut the labor training costs because the organization would be on the lookout for new employees at all times. To replace an employee, an organization has to spend more than a third of the new employee’s salary according to United States Department of Labor. This leads to increased costs, which could be eliminated by reducing employee turnover (Chawla & Sondhi, 2011). According to Coomber & Barriball (2007), employee turnover is not an issue that affects the private sector alone; it also affects government ministries across the world. In Britain, National Health Service reports that the number of nurses who voluntarily leave their jobs per year is worrying. In 2003, nursing staff turnover was 9.4% in the country. Nurses play a critical role in the health of the public in any given country. Following the increasing number of people with chronic diseases, long life expectancy and advance in medical technology, the number of needed nurses is increasing every day. When the turnover is high, the remaining staff members are pressurized to cover the posts left vacant by the departed colleagues and this increases stress on the remaining staff. This in the end,

The Life of Christ Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Life of Christ - Term Paper Example Luke stated that Christ’s ministry was instigated by John the Baptist in the 15th year of the sovereignty of Tiberius Caesar, who became the emperor after King Augustus1. Emphasising on the various biblical specifications, the discussion henceforth intends to briefly outline the life of Christ, taking into consideration the three years of his ministry. Christ’s Birth Luke 2:1-7: History of Christ’s Birth The history of Christ’s birth has roots in the social context of the then Roman dynasty, which was strongly influenced by social segregations, brutal and inhuman treatments of slavery, and replication of dominion powers over the weak. As per the Synoptic Gospels, it was during the reign of King Augustus that Jesus was born in the midst of conflicts between emperors and various social classes. Jesus was the child of Mary and Joseph, who were peasants belonging to the tribe of Judah and were the citizens under the lordship of King Herod2. It was during this period that social conflicts began within the region due to taxation imposed by King Augustus and the reluctance of Jewish community to abide by such norms. Consequently, the Jewish community members were asked to travel to Bethlehem, where the register was located to perform census of the Jewish people and make them entitled to the taxation charges3. Thus, Mary and Joseph had to travel from Nazareth to Bethlehem. At that time, Mary was expecting a child, owing to which the long journey to Bethlehem imposed a vast suffering upon her. Irrespective of the physical weakness, the couple had to travel as per the decree of King Augustus. However, the actual reason for Mary and Joseph enduring such suffering was the verdict of God ordering that the child should be born in Bethlehem. After the weary travel, when the couple learnt that all the inns had been already filled with travellers from Nazareth and other regions of the realm of King Herod, they lodged in an animal shed. It was in this shed that Mother Mary gave birth to Lord Jesus Christ, which was known to only few people in the village. The circumcision and the naming of the child had been arranged when he was 8 days old, according to the Hebrew Law, and he was formally given the name of Jesus. Therefore, the word of God was conveyed by Gabriel, who said, â€Å"You shall call his name Jesus for He will save His people from their sins†4. Christ’s Ministry Similar to the history of the birth of Holy Christ, the instigation of His ministry can also be observed as enlightened with spirituality and chronology of mesmerizing events. The historical content depicts that Christ’s ministry began during the period of AD 27 and continued till his crucifixion. However, contradictions have been persisting concerning the duration of His ministry, which has often been deliberated as a period of 3 years, 2 years, and even 3 and a half years. However, most of the testaments obtained affirmed that Christâ₠¬â„¢s ministry continued for 3 years5. Christ’s ministry began with His baptism, which was performed by John the Baptist and which led Holy Spirit to â€Å"come on Him in a special way†. As per the predicaments, Christ had to fast for 40 days following His baptism in order to defeat the ‘Satan’, a spirit who dared to challenge the religious beliefs of Hebrews. However, as per the true meaning, the word ‘Satan’ refers to the fallen angel who was entitled by the God Himself to test the strength of human

Why College Football Should Be Banned Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why College Football Should Be Banned - Essay Example â€Å"The Wall Street Journal reported. New Mexico State University's athletic department needed a 70% subsidy in 2009-2010, largely because Aggie football hasn't gotten to a bowl game in 51 years. Outside of Las Cruces, where New Mexico State is located, how many people even know that the school has a football program? None, except maybe for some savvy contestants on "Jeopardy." What purpose does it serve on a university campus? None.† (Why college football should be banned) Football is so popular that college presidents are cutting on other major sports to accommodate college football and this is extremely bad for the students, who are interested in varsity sports such as swimming, track and field events and so on. This goes to show that the authorities want college football to be one of the most popular sports in the country if it already is not. A lot of money is being spent on modern stadiums and even more on coaches who benefit heavily because they get a great pay package, where does the money come from? It comes from the fees paid by students who do not benefit even a wee bit out of all this. The author of the article also presents the several medical dangers involved in playing college football, repetitive hits to the body is arguably the most dangerous of all yet college football continues to thrive. To conclude it is fair to say that college football is risky, it does not help the students even a wee bit and this is exactly why it should be banned.

American Pluralism Essay Example for Free

American Pluralism Essay Throughout history the United States has had immigrants flock to the united states in hopes of better opportunity. In the eyes of many ,the United States was land of prosperity and opportunity. This dream of becoming successful from nothing was known as the American dream . It built this nation into what it is today, which unfortunately is tainted with many negative aspects. President Clinton once said â€Å" The American Dream that we were all raised on is a simple but powerful one – if you work hard and play by the rules you should be given a chance to go as far your God-given ability will take you. † This coming from a man who was the president . However Clinton has neither â€Å"played by the rules† nor did he work hard. Clinton has made 80 million just off speaking , as well as his breaking the rules, which he is so famous for. Then how was this man, not hardworking and adulterous, become the American dream? Solely because the American dream is a myth, a fixed calculated lie. The American dream is just a notion to distract the less fortunate people that race, gender, and class control how much money you are going to make. A huge factor hinder people from acting out this dream is race. Race is socially constructed concept where groups of people of similar features and cultures are labeled . However races in our country still to this day are not treated as equals. For example, the average salary of a white person is above 45 according to the office personally management while ,a Hispanic is at 36 , black is at 37, and Asian is at 42, all for the similar jobs. However this is for the minorities who make it through the other hardships. For example one of these other hardships is â€Å" the school –to prison pipeline†. It is a foreign idea to most people because of how abstract it sounds. However the difference of funding in students directly affect attitude , dropout rates, and criminals. These students lack resources, qualified teaching, and rigorous advanced classes. Minorities are also punished worse, black children are suspended at least 2. 6 times to whites, thus leading to their 6 times more than whites rates of going to juveniles. In the eyes of an minority, school is a joke or a dream. Consequently there are few legal jobs that pay enough for a living without a high school diploma. This example is perfection under the school –to prison pipeline, giving the wealthy white leverage over minorities. Adding insult to injuries these injustices are replied with white advantages. as detailed in White privilege †White privilege is like an invisible knapsack of special provisions, maps, passports†(McIntosh. 45) In a just and perfect society we would all be equal, however the world we live in is very unequal. Not only is our world not economically equal , but racial either. Throughout America’s history there were an inequality among races. For example as a white person , you can be assured that the color of your skin wont effect the type of college you will be accepted to, as a minority that guarantee doesn’t exist. Thus how is a person of color supposed to make a proper and wealthy life for themselves if that door of education was never opened? This control of education keeps whites as the wealthiest race, and as such becomes a privilege only for them. How can such laws be kept in play if they hinder other races? The answer lies in politics. Due to white privilege, white people can expect to have people of their color to be accurately represented. This gives an huge hand in any legislature that can possibly effect minorities. Even in all these privileges, there’s an negative aspect that becomes paramount in our modern day society. These privileges cause a strenuous tension between races , because of the fabricated superiority that it gives whites over minorities. Hence, this so called â€Å"invisible knapsack† is only invisible to the user , and is in perfect sight of the oppressed. This just adds to the ocean of oppression felt by minorities proving race hinders the completion of the American dream. Male or female, seems like a simple question. However there is a world of connotations that come with such labels. Men and women have these values that are pushed upon them by society, confusing them to who they truly are. This Severely effects people who are confused on who they are ,because these â€Å"transgender† might just people who are just different personality wise. Furthermore it affects you more than mentally but also affects you economically. â€Å" The more economic resources such as education and job opportunities , are available to a group, the more they tend to be monopolized by men†(Lorber 246). The author is stating that women in general are qualified yet underpaid. This is entirely true , through every field of work you see women being paid less for the same or less work. Lorber believes socially that gender is a process of assigning rights and responsibilities. Men and woman see what is â€Å"expected† of them and assume the role is theirs, whether it be fair or not. This contradicts the American dream, because it preaches economic prosperity for all who work for it, and statistically women cannot reach that level. Hence, they hardly attempt to reach that high. How did they get to this point what defined these roles to one another , the answer lies among media. Advertisements, commercials, magazines. We are constantly bombarded with these pictures, voices, and idols . Anyone who looks normal or acts different is assumed to be a joke or outcast. Through these images we show our children how to act and to assign themselves personalities because of what their genetic makeup is. † It is this link with violence that makes the objectification of women more serious issue than with men. † (Kilbourne.263) This violence factor directly correlates with dominance. If you look through photos or magazines you can pick up a specific trend of nudity and pornography. Even more so , there is a constant jab at women , making them â€Å"inferior† With this sort of image growing up why would there be any motivation to be more than in those pictures? What is better than becoming rich? Being born rich is the most logical answer and this is how this 1 percent lives. The majority of this money, the . 1 % is old money. This money has been accumulated for hundreds of years and will be for hundreds more. The correlation of class and achievement of the American dream has been time and time proven. â€Å"Reality 6:All Americans do not have an equal opportunity to succeed. Inheritance laws ensure a greater likelihood of success for the offspring of the wealthy. †(Mantsios. 320) Yet another prime example of what class does for your chances at the American dream. The converse can also be enforced, without class it is a abnormality to live â€Å"the American dream†. The â€Å"American dream† is just something we can strive for but not truly reach. The American dream was known for our idea of Manifest destiny so we killed thousands of Indians because we thought of them as second class citizens. We have supposedly progressed ,transcending racism and sexism into an extinct ideas. However they just exist socially and economically now, just changing its brutality. These issues can’t be stopped through intellectual movements or programs, laws need to be enacted to change these process. These political figures need to stop thinking with their wallets and speak from their people. Without our changing of the law how are we supposed to become a more equal society. We live under a living document called the Constitution, if it promises our pursuit of property, now happiness , why can’t it assist us in the American dream. MLA Work cited page McIntosh, Peggy . White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack. IndependentSchool. 1990 Mantsios, Gregory media magic :making class invisible. Rothenberg P. S. , ed. Race, Class and Gender in the US 3d ed. New York: Martins, 1995. Lorber, Judith. â€Å"Night to His Day: The Social Construction of Gender. † Yale University press. Yale college. 1994.